Dental Extraction

1.What are the Reasons for Tooth Extraction?

There are several reasons for extracting a tooth. These include:

• Severe Tooth Damage/Trauma
• Malpositioned/Nonfunctioning Teeth
• Orthodontic Treatment.
• Extra Teeth
• Radiation
• Chemotherapy
• Organ Transplant

2.What are the Types of Tooth Extractions

There are two types of tooth extractions:

• Simple Extractions:

These are performed on teeth that are visible in the mouth. General dentists commonly do simple extractions, and most are usually done under a local anesthetic, with or without anti-anxiety medications or sedation.

• Surgical Extractions:

These involve teeth that cannot easily be seen or reached in the mouth, either because they have broken off at the gum line or they have not fully erupted. Performed by dentists or oral surgeons, surgical extractions require some type of surgical procedure, such as bone removal, removing and/or lifting and folding back all or part of the gum tissue to expose the tooth, or breaking the tooth into pieces (called tooth sectioning). Surgical extractions can be done with local anesthesia and/or conscious sedation. Patients with special medical conditions and young children may receive general anesthesia.

3.What are Preparations for Tooth Extraction?

Prior to a tooth extraction, your dentist or oral surgeon will discuss your medical and dental histories and take X-rays. Some dental professionals will prescribe antibiotics to be taken before and after surgery. Antibiotics are more likely to be given to patients with infection or weakened immune systems at the time of surgery, those undergoing longer surgeries, or young or elderly people.

To avoid possible complications, inform your dentist about all the medications prescriptions, over-the-counter (OTC) and herbal you are taking. For example, aspirin slows the blood-clotting process; ginkgo biloba and ginseng also affect clotting.

Many people like to be sedated for a tooth extraction. Possible sedation dentistry options include nitrous oxide (“laughing gas”), an oral sedative (such as a Valium pill) or an intravenous sedative that is administered into your veins by injection. If you opt for nitrous oxide, you can drive yourself home. If you choose one of the other types of sedation, you will need someone to drive you to and from your dental visit.

4.What are the Tooth Extraction Aftercare?

Since bleeding is normal after an extraction, your dentist will have you bite on a piece of gauze for about 45 minutes to put pressure on the area and allow the blood to clot. Some swelling and discomfort are normal after a tooth extraction.

Cold compresses or ice packs can help decrease the swelling. If your jaw is sore and stiff after the swelling dissipates, apply warm compresses. Sleeping with your head face upward to relieve pressure on the jaw, and keeping your head elevated with extra pillows also may help. In addition, your dentist may recommend you take an OTC pain reliever such as ibuprofen (Motrin or Advil) for several days. With surgical extractions which generally cause more pain afterwards your dentist may prescribe a prescription pain medication.

Other aftercare tips include:

• Do not rinse your mouth for the first 24 hours immediately following a tooth extraction.
• Stick to a soft or liquid diet (milk, ice cream, mashed potatoes, pudding) the day of and the day after a tooth extraction, gradually progressing to eating other easy-to-chew foods. Chew with teeth that are far from the extraction site.
• Brush and floss the other teeth as usual, but avoid the teeth and gum next to the extraction socket.
• After the first 24 hours, for at least five days after extraction, gently rinse the socket with warm salt water (1/2 teaspoon of salt in a cup of water) after meals and before bed

5.What are the Things to Avoid After Tooth Extraction?

In addition to the aforementioned aftercare considerations, tooth extraction aftercare also involves avoiding certain foods and activities.

• Avoid anything that might dislodge the blood clot and delay or prevent normal healing.
• Do not smoke, vigorously rinse or spit, engage in strenuous activities, or drink through a straw for at least two days after an extraction.
• Stay away from hot liquids, foods that are crunchy or contain seeds or small grains, alcohol, and carbonated soft drinks for two to three days after tooth extractions.
• Do not brush your gums or use an OTC mouth rinse (you can use homemade water-and-salt washes).

6.What is the Healing Time for Tooth Extractions?

Healing from a tooth extraction takes about five to seven days. The gum area should be fully healed in three to four weeks. If the jaw is damaged during tooth extraction, full healing may take up to six months.

 

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